Shawnees, or Shawanos (Amerind tribe)

Sir Humphrey Gilbert, by the royal prerogative of Queen Elizabeth I, founds St. John's, Newfoundland, in 1583 as the first North American English colony.

French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrives in 1603 and establishes the first permanent European settlements at Port Royal (in 1605) and ...

...Quebec City (in 1608).

The Beaver Wars break out in the mid-seventeenth century over control of the North American fur trade.

Among the colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settle the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settle the present-day Maritimes, while fur traders and Catholic missionaries explore the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana.

The Gros Ventre still live near the shores of Lake Manitoba and the Tsuu T'ina, or Sarcee, hunt the forests of Northern Saskatchewan.

Various Algonquian tribes inhabit the Atlantic coastal regions at the beginning of this age, including the Carolina tribes, the Powhatan Confederacy of Virginia, the Nanticoke of the Delmarva Peninsula, the Unami, Munsee and Unalachtigo “Delaware’” (Lenni Lenape) of the Middle Atlantic, the Mahicans, Mohegans, Pequots, Narragansetts, Wampanoags and Massachusetts of New England, the Abenaki of Maine and the Micmacs of the Canadian Maritimes.

North of the Middle Ohio Valley live the Miami and the Illinois.

The Western Shawnee rule the land south of the Middle Ohio; the much smaller Eastern Shawnee nation lives north of the Savannah River.

Between the two Shawnee groups have begun to emerge the powerful Cherokee, who are to hold the southern Appalachians throughout the age.