Group
Transoxiana
Transoxiana (also spelled Transoxania), known in Arabic and Persian sources as Mawarannahr (Arabic: "what (is) beyond the (Oxus) river"), is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan and southwest Kazakhstan.
Geographically, it is the region between the Amu Darya (Ancient Greek: Ώξος Ōxos) and Syr Darya rivers.
The area had been known to the Romans as Transoxania (Land beyond the Oxus), to the Arabs as Mawarannahr (Land Beyond the River), and to the Iranians as Turan, a term used in the Persian national epic Shahnameh.The region was one of the satrapies of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia under the name Sogdiana.The name Transoxiana stuck in Western consciousness because of the exploits of Alexander the Great, who extended Greek culture into the region with his conquests of the fourth century BCE.
Transoxiana is the most northeastern point of the Hellenistic culture until the Arabic invasion.
During the Sassanid Empire, it is often called Sogdiana, a provincial name taken from the Achaemenid Empire, and used to distinguish it from nearby Bactria.
Member Cities
- Al-Hasa Ha'il Saudi Arabia Location
- Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Location
- Bala Morghab Badghis Afghanistan Location
- Balkh Balkh Afghanistan Location
- Baykand Bukhara Uzbekistan Location
- Bukhara Bukhara Uzbekistan Location
- Chang'an > Xi'an Shaanxi (Shensi) China Location
- Ctesiphon Iraq Location
- Damascus > Dimashq Dimashq Syria Location
- Darzab Sar-e Pol Afghanistan Location
- Ferghana > Fergana Ferghana Uzbekistan Location
- Ghazni Ghazni Afghanistan Location
- Gizduvan Bukhara Uzbekistan Location
- Gurganj > Kunya Urgench Dashhowuz Turkmenistan Location
- Herat Herat Afghanistan Location
- Isfahan > Esfahan Esfahan Iran Location
- Kabul Kabol Afghanistan Location
- Kaleybar Azarbayjan-e Sharqi Iran Location
- Khiva > Chiva Khorezm Uzbekistan Location
- Khujand Leninabad Tajikistan Location
- Kunya Urgench > Gurganj Dashhowuz Turkmenistan Location
- Mashhad Khorasan Iran Location
- Merv > Mary Mary Turkmenistan Location
- Neyshabur > Nichapur > Nishapur Khorasan Iran Location
- Otrar Ongtustik Qazaqstan Kazakhstan Location
- Qalat Zabol Afghanistan Location
- Qarshi Kashkadarya Uzbekistan Location
- Qonduz > Kunduz > Kondoz Kondoz Afghanistan Location
- Ramla Israel Israel Location
- Sajram (Sayram) > Isfijab Ongtustik Qazaqstan Kazakhstan Location
- Samarkand Samarkand Uzbekistan Location
- Shiraz Fars Iran Location
- Tabriz Azarbayjan-e Sharqi Iran Location
- Talas Talas Kyrgyzstan Location
- Tashkent Tashkent Uzbekistan Location
- Tashtakaracha Pass Samarkand Uzbekistan Location
- Termez Surkhandarya Uzbekistan Location
- Yining (Kuldja) Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (Sinkiang) China Location