Matthias
Holy Roman Emperor; King of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia; Archduke of Austria
1557 CE to 1619 CE
Matthias of Austria (24 February 1557 – 20 March 1619), Holy Roman Emperor from 1612, King of Hungary and Croatia from 1608 (as Matthias II) and King of Bohemia from 1611, is a member of the House of Habsburg.
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The Great Crossroads
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Maximilian's son, Rudolf II (r. 1576-1612), succeeds his father as both king of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
After the Turks reopen the war in Hungary in 1593, Rudolf is blamed for the rebellion among Protestant nobles in Royal Hungary caused by his brutal conduct of the war.
Backed by junior members of the dynasty, Rudolf's younger brother, Matthias (r. 1612-19), confiscates Rudolf's lands, restores order, and, after Rudolf's death, becomes Holy Roman Emperor, but the religious and political concessions that the two brothers have made to the nobility to win their support in this dynastic feud creates new dangers for the Habsburgs.
After the Turks reopen the war in Hungary in 1593, Rudolf is blamed for the rebellion among Protestant nobles in Royal Hungary caused by his brutal conduct of the war.
Backed by junior members of the dynasty, Rudolf's younger brother, Matthias (r. 1612-19), confiscates Rudolf's lands, restores order, and, after Rudolf's death, becomes Holy Roman Emperor, but the religious and political concessions that the two brothers have made to the nobility to win their support in this dynastic feud creates new dangers for the Habsburgs.
The childless Matthias chooses his cousin Ferdinand as his successor.
To facilitate Ferdinand's eventual election as Holy Roman Emperor, Matthias secures his election as king of Bohemia in 1617.
Before accepting Ferdinand as king, however, the Protestant nobility of Bohemia had required this strong proponent of the Catholic Counter-Reformation to confirm the religious charter granted them by Rudolf II.
A dispute over the charter in 1618 triggers a rebellion by the Protestant nobles.
Hopes for an arbitrated settlement are dashed when Matthias dies in March 1619, and other areas under Habsburg control rebel against Habsburg rule.
To facilitate Ferdinand's eventual election as Holy Roman Emperor, Matthias secures his election as king of Bohemia in 1617.
Before accepting Ferdinand as king, however, the Protestant nobility of Bohemia had required this strong proponent of the Catholic Counter-Reformation to confirm the religious charter granted them by Rudolf II.
A dispute over the charter in 1618 triggers a rebellion by the Protestant nobles.
Hopes for an arbitrated settlement are dashed when Matthias dies in March 1619, and other areas under Habsburg control rebel against Habsburg rule.