The Chichimeca War (1550-1590), a military conflict waged between Spanish colonizers and their Indian allies against a confederation of Chichimeca Indians, is the longest and most expensive conflict between Spaniards and the indigenous peoples of New Spain in the history of the colony.
The Chichimeca wars begin in earnest nine years after the Mixtón Rebellion of 1540.
It can be considered as a continuation of the rebellion since the fighting had not come to a halt in the intervening years.
Unlike in the Mixtón rebellion, the Caxcanes are now allied with the Spanish.
The war is fought in the Northern Mexico region known as La Gran Chichimeca, specifically in the Mexican states of Zacatecas, Guanajuato, Aguascalientes, and Jalisco.
