Kargil War

The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, is an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that takes place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil district of Kashmir.

The cause of the war is the infiltration of Pakistani soldiers and Kashmiri militants into positions on the Indian side of the Line of Control, which serves as the de facto border between the two states.

During and directly after the war, Pakistan blames the fighting entirely on independent Kashmiri insurgents, but documents left behind by casualties and later statements by Pakistan's Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff show involvement of Pakistani paramilitary forces.

The Indian Army, supported by the Indian Air Force, attacks the Pakistani positions and, with international diplomatic support, eventually forces a Pakistani withdrawal across the Line of Control (LoC).The war is one of the most recent examples of high altitude warfare in mountainous terrain, and poses significant logistical problems for the combating sides.

This is the first ground war between any two countries after they had developed nuclear weapons.

(India and Pakistan both test-detonated fission devices in May 1998, though the first Indian nuclear test was conducted in 1974.)

The conflict leads to heightened tension between the two nations and increased defense spending on the part of India.

In Pakistan, the aftermath causes instability to the government and the economy, and, on October 12, 1999, a coup d'etat by the military places army chief Pervez Musharraf in power.