The importance of Sint Eustatius had increased further following France's entry into the war in 1778 as it is used to help supply the French West Indian islands.

St. Eustatius's role in supplying Britain's enemies provokes anger among British leaders.

Rodney alleges that goods brought out on British convoys had then been sold, through St. Eustatius, to the rebels.

It seems to have fueled a hatred for this island, especially with Rodney, who has vowed to "bring this Nest of Villains to condign Punishment: they deserve scourging and they shall be scourged."

He had already singled out several individuals on St. Eustatius who are instrumental in aiding the enemy, such as "... Mr Smith in the House of Jones—they cannot be too soon taken care of—they are notorious in the cause of America and France ..."

Following the outbreak of war between the Dutch Republic and Britain in December 1780, orders had been sent from London to seize the island.

The British are assisted by the fact that the news of the war's outbreak has not yet reached St. Eustatius.