The Franks, campaigning in areas of present Austria and Slovenia, meet with little resistance due to drought and famine in lands controlled by the Avars, Bulgars and Slavs, but ninety percent of Charles's horses, which in 791 carry their riders as far as Gyõr, on the Moson arm of the Danube, perish of famine.

The emperor returns to Hungary in the early summer of 1044, and is joined in his advance by many Hungarian lords.

The decisive battle is fought on June 5 at Ménfő (near Győr), where Samuel Aba's forces are defeated.

Peter is reinstalled as king at Székesfehérvár, a vassal of the Empire, and Henry can return home triumphant, the Hungarian people having readily submitted to his rule.

Tribute is to be paid, and Aba, who had escaped from the battlefield, is soon captured and killed by Peter's supporters.

Hungary appears to have entered the German fold fully and with ease.

Süleyman, in the ensuing internecine struggle between Ferdinand Habsburg and John Zapolya, supports King John.

Ferdinand’s forces, invading the Ottoman-held portion of Hungary that Zápolya rules while Zápolya is distracted by a peasant uprising, attack and seize Raab (Györ), …

Border strife between Austrian and Ottoman Hungary, intermittent since the earliest Austro-Turkish War, becomes more violent during 1591.

Ottoman forces capture Győr (Raab; Turkish: Yanıkkale) and ...

Ferenc Rákóczi, unable to come by his father's legacy, had therefore withdrawn to his estates in Royal Hungary.

Notably, the Rákóczi family is Calvinist, and they are staunch supporters of the Calvinist cause.

However, Francis' mother, Zsófia Báthori, had come from a Catholic family, and had converted to Calvinism merely for the sake of her marriage, only to leave Calvinism, re-convert to Catholicism (disregarding her husband’s last wishes) and become a bulwark of Hungarian Counter-Reformation after her husband's death.

Ferenc also becomes a Catholic in 1662, thus acquiring favor with the Catholic Habsburg Court.