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The Spanish presence has altered Hispaniola's landscape …

Years: 1528 - 1539

The Spanish presence has altered Hispaniola's landscape by their introduction of cattle, pigs, and horses, which have multiplied into large herds.

Spanish settlement is mostly restricted to the eastern end of the island.

Once the main gold mines have been exhausted, many Spaniards leave Hispaniola for the richer lands of Peru and Mexico; the rest largely desert the western part for the capital, Santo Domingo, from which Spain rules its empire in the Americas.

However, the few remaining Spaniards in western Hispaniola begin exchanges with French and Dutch traders.