The Brethren of the Common Life (Latin: Fratres Vitae Communis) (FVC) is a Roman Catholic pietist religious community founded in the Netherlands in the fourteenth century by Gerard Groote, formerly a successful and worldly educator who had had a religious experience and preached a life of simple devotion to Jesus Christ.

Without taking up irrevocable vows, the Brethren band together in communities, giving up their worldly goods to live chaste and strictly regulated lives in common houses, devoting every waking hour to attending divine service, reading and preaching of sermons, laboring productively, and taking meals in common that are accompanied by the reading aloud of Scripture.