Very little is known of the Neo-Elamite I period, from 1100 BCE to 700 BCE.

Anshan wis still at least partially Elamite.

There appear to have been alliances of Elam and Babylonia against the powerful Assyrians; the Babylonian king Mar-biti-apla-ushur (984–979 BCE) is of Elamite origin, and Elamites are recorded to have fought unsuccessfully with the Babylonian king Marduk-balassu-iqbi against the Assyrian forces under Shamshi-Adad V (823–811 BCE).The Neo-Elamite II period is characterized by a significant migration of Iranians to the Iranian plateau.

Assyrian sources beginning around 800 BC distinguish the "powerful Medes", i.e.

the actual Medes,(Parthians, Sagartians, Margians, Bactrians, Sogdians etc.).

Among these pressuring tribes are the Parsu, first recorded in 844 BCE as living on the southeastern shore of Lake Urmiah, but who by the end of this period cause the Elamites' original home, the Iranian Plateau, to be renamed Persia proper.

These newly arrived Iranic peoples are largely regarded as vassals of the Neo-Assyrian Empire until the late 7th Century BCE.During a brief respite provided by the civil war between Ashurbanipal and his brother Shamash-shum-ukin, the Elamites too indulge in fighting among themselves, so weakening the Elamite kingdom that in 646 BCE Ashurbanipal devastates Susiana with ease, and sacks Susa.

A succession of brief reigns continues in Elam from 651 to 640, each of them ending either due to usurpation, or because of capture of their king by the Assyrians.

In this manner, the last Elamite king, Khumma-Khaldash III, is captured in 640 BCE by Ashurbanipal, who annexes and destroys the country.The devastation is less complete than Assurbanipal boasts, and a fragmented Elamite rule is resurrected soon after with Shuttir-Nakhkhunte, son of III (not to be confused with Shuttir-Nakhkhunte, son of Indada, a petty king in the first half of the 6th century).

Elamite royalty in the final century preceding the Achaemenids is fragmented among different small kingdoms, the united Elamite nation having been destroyed by the Assyrians.

In 540 BCE, Achaemenid rule begins in Susa.