The Royal Audiencia and Chancery of Panama in Tierra Firme (Spanish: Audiencia y Cancillería Real de Panamá en Tierrafirme) is a governing body and superior court in the New World empire of Spain.

The Audiencia of Panama is the third American audiencia after the ones of Santo Domingo and Mexico.

It exists three times under various guises since it first creation in 1538 until its ultimate abolition in 1751.