The Russian city of Pskov, situated on the Velikaya River in northwest European Russia, is first mentioned in historical chronicles of the year 903.

Vseslav lays siege to Pskov in 1065, but is thrown back.

Vsevolod had tried to come back to Novgorod at the head of an army in 1137, but had instead withdrawn to Pskov, where he dies in February 1138.

He is buried according to his own wishes in the Church of St. Demetrius in Pskov.

Lembitu leads his Estonian resistance fighters in raiding the Russian town of Pskov, at this time a part of the Novgorod Principality.

The Livonian Knights, hoping to exploit the Russians' weakness in the wake of the Mongol and Swedish invasions, attack the neighboring Novgorod Republic with strong encouragement from the pope, and occupy Pskov, …

Alexander manages during the campaign of 1241 to retake from the crusaders Pskov and …

The city of Pskov, with its surrounding territories along the Velikaya River, Lake Peipus, Pskovskoye Lake and Narva River had become part of the Novgorod Republic after the disintegration of Kievan Rus' in the twelfth century, retaining its special autonomous rights, including the right for independent construction of suburbs (Izborsk is the most ancient among them).

Due to Pskov's leading role in the struggle against the Livonian Order, its influence spreads significantly.

The long reign of Daumantas (1266–99) and especially his victory in the Battle of Rakvere (1268) ushers in the period of Pskov's actual independence.

Otto von Lutterberg, Grand Master of the Livonian Order, lays siege to Pskov in 1269, but Daumantas, supported by the Novgorodians, repels the attack, personally wounding Lutterberg in battle.

The knights seek peace at any cost and their attacks on Pskov and Novgorod cease for thirty years.

The town of Pskov functions as the capital of a de facto sovereign republic.

Its most powerful force is the merchants who have brought the town into the Hanseatic League.

Pskov's independence is formally recognized by the Novgorod boyars in the Treaty of Bolotovo (1348), relinquishing their right to appoint the posadniks of Pskov.

Up until this point, Pskov had, at least nominally, been part of the Novgorodian Land and subordinate to Novgorod, although it had invited in its own princes and been de facto independent for perhaps a century before that.

…unsuccessfully besiege Pskov.