Baibars receives the town of Safad from the Knights Templar garrison in July 1266, after a heavy siege.

After conquering Galilee, …

At Ramla, Baibars adds the eighty-nine foot- (twenty-seven meter-) tall minaret of the White Mosque, the so-called White Tower.

The minaret is to the north of the mosque structure, square in shape with five stories, each adorned with window niches, and a balcony towards the top.

The minaret is probably influenced by Crusader design, but it is constructed by the Mamluks.

The tragedy for Judaism of the expulsion from Spain and of the forced conversions to Christianity that had preceded it by a century, and which had become even more extensive in Portugal shortly afterward, have deeply marked the victims.

These events, accentuating the already existing pessimism in response to the situation of the Jewish people dispersed among the nations, intensifies the messianic expectation.

This expectation does not seem to have been unrelated to the beginnings of the printed transmission of Kabbala; the first two printed editions of the Zohar date from 1558.

All these factors, joined with certain internal developments of speculative Kabbala in the fifteenth century, prepare the ground for the new theosophy inaugurated by the teaching of Isaac ben Solomon Luria.

As a result of the earthquake, a strong seiche (standing wave) sweeps the shores of Tiberias causing additional death.

The destructive Galilee earthquake causes six thousand to seven thousand casualties in Ottoman Syria on January 1, 1837.

...eight thousand in Safad, ...

Anwar Sadat of Egypt and Menachem Begin cannot agree on the details of a comprehensive peace, and the negotiations are complicated by events in Lebanon, the southern portion of which is now a launching point for terror attacks against Israelis living in the Upper Galilee.