The 1992 to 1996 phase of the conflict in Afghanistan (1978–present) began after the resignation of the communist President Mohammad Najibullah.

The post-communist Islamic State of Afghanistan is established by the Peshawar Accord, a peace and power-sharing agreement under which all the Afghan parties are united in April 1992, except for the Hezb-e Islami of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar.

Hekmatyar starts a bombardment campaign against the capital city Kabul that marks the beginning of this new phase in the war.

In direct contrast to the Soviet era, the countryside witnesses relative calm during this period while major cities such as Kabul, Mazar-e Sharif and Kandahar witness violent fighting until 1996, when the Taliban capture Kabul.

The Taliban will be supported by Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and the United Arab Emirates until their last days of rule.