The Second Italian War (1499–1504), sometimes known as Louis XII's Italian War or the War over Naples, is the second of the Italian Wars; it is fought primarily by Louis XII of France and Ferdinand I of Aragón with the participation of several Italian powers.

In the aftermath of the First Italian War, Louis is determined to press his claim on the thrones of Milan and Naples.

In 1499 Louis XII invades Lombardy and seizes Milan, to which he has a claim in right of his paternal grandmother Valentina Visconti, Duchess of Orléans.