The Mongol invasions of Japan of 1274 and 1281 are major military operations undertaken by Kublai Khan to invade the Japanese islands after conquering Korea.

Despite their ultimate failure, the invasion attempts are of macrohistorical importance, setting a limit on Mongol expansion, and ranking as nation-defining events in Japanese history.

They are referred to in many works of fiction, and are the earliest events for which the word kamikaze, or "divine wind", is widely used.

In addition, with the exception of the Occupation at the end of the Second World War, these failed invasion attempts are the closest Japan has ever come to being invaded within the last 1500 years.