The Mughal–Safavid War of 1649–1653 is fought between the Mughal and Safavid empires in the territory of modern Afghanistan.

The war begins after a Persian army, while the Mughals are at war with the Janid Uzbeks, captures the fortress city of Kandahar and other strategic cities that control the region.

The Mughals attempt unsuccessfully to regain the city.