The Reform Laws polarize Mexican society along pro- and anticlerical lines at a time when delegates are preparing the constitution of 1857, as provided for in the Plan of Ayutla.

The new constitution is derived from that of 1824, but it reflects a more liberal vision of society through its incorporation of the Reform Laws.

It reaffirms the abolition of slavery, secularizes education, and guarantees basic civil liberties for all Mexicans.

Both the Reform Laws and the constitution, however, divide the political classes and set the stage for a civil war.