The position of the two million Jews…

The position of the two million Jews in the Austro-Hungarian Empire is ambiguous.

The majority of Jews in Austria–Hungary lived in small towns (shtetls) in Galicia and rural areas in Hungary and Bohemia.

There are also large communities and even local majorities in the downtown districts of Vienna, Budapest and Prague.

The Austro-Hungarian army regularly promotes Jews to positions of command, almost alone in this practice among the military forces of the major European powers.

While the Jewish population of the lands of the Dual Monarchy is about five percent, Jews make up nearly eighteen percent of the reserve officer corps.

The modernity of the constitution and the benevolence of emperor Franz Joseph, lead the Austrian Jews to regard the era of Austria–Hungary as a golden era of their history.

By 1910 about nine hundred thousand religious Jews comprise approximately five percent of the population of Hungary and about treaty-three percent of Budapest's citizenry.

Jews account for fifty-four percent of commercial business owners, eighty-five percent of financial institution directors and owners in banking, and sixty-two percent of all employees in commerce, twenty percent of all general grammar school students, and thirty-seven percent of all commercial scientific grammar school students, thirty-one point nine percent of all engineering students, and thirty-four point one percent of all physicians, and forty-nine point four percent of all lawyers/jurists in Hungary.