After the Soviet troop withdrawal, Massoud is…
1989 CE
After the Soviet troop withdrawal, Massoud is one of the first mujahideen to expand his military control in areas north of Kabul and northern Afghanistan.
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The New Hebrides group becomes the Republic of Vanuatu in 1989.
The United States responds to Lange’s anti-nuclear stance in 1986 by suspending its security obligations to New Zealand under the Anzus Treaty.
Australia, remaining within Anzus, maintains bilateral defense links with New Zealand outside the treaty framework.
Lange resigns as New Zealand’s prime minister in 1989, replaced by Geoffrey Palmer.
The New Hebrides group becomes the Republic of Vanuatu in 1989.
The United States responds to Lange’s anti-nuclear stance in 1986 by suspending its security obligations to New Zealand under the Anzus Treaty.
Australia, remaining within Anzus, maintains bilateral defense links with New Zealand outside the treaty framework.
Lange resigns as New Zealand’s prime minister in 1989, and is replaced by Geoffrey Palmer.
Lange resigns as New Zealand’s prime minister in 1989 and is replaced by Geoffrey Palmer.
Opium production in Burma reportedly increases under the rule of the State Law and Order Restoration Council, the Burmese junta regime that took power in September 1988.
In 1989, production stands at 2,528 tons, as compared to the drought-related 1979 low of 160 tons.
(Sources: The Politics of Heroin: CIA Complicity in the Global Drug Trade; Opium: A History)
Marcos dies in Hawaii in 1989.
Emperor Akihito is crowned Emperor of Japan in 1989.
In 1989, the nation of Burma, under the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) changes its name to Myanmar.
Deng Xao Ping institutes economic reforms in China, but suppresses student dissidents.
On June 3, 1989, Chinese authorities order soldiers to attack a peaceful crowd of some 100,000 student demonstrators in Beijing's central Tiananmen Square killing hundreds, wounding thousands and arresting thousands more.
Vietnam withdraws most of its troops from Cambodia in 1989 in an effort to win US recognition.
The last Soviet soldier leaves Afghanistan on February 15, 1989.
The civil war continues, despite predictions of an early collapse of the Najibullah government upon the withdrawal of the Soviets.
The mujahideen form an interim government in Pakistan and steadfastly resist efforts of reconciliation by Najibullah.
On November 14, Afghan government troops repulse a three-pronged attack launched on Jalalabad by the mujahideen.
Najibullah declares a state of emergency based on claims that Pakistan and the US have violated the Geneva Accords.
On December 31, Najibullah calls for the PDPA to change its name.
Sibghatullah Mujaddadi, who in 1979 had founded the Afghan National Liberation Front (ANLF), is in 1989 selected as the head of the Interim Islamic State of Afghanistan.
In 1989, Pakistan concludes agreements with China and France to construct additional nuclear power-generating plants.
These reactors are to be located inland on the Indus River to serve the rapidly increasing demand of Punjab.
In the legislative arena, the sharia ordinance enacted by Zia dies when it is not approved by Parliament during the prime ministry of Benazir Bhutto.
Despite a strong power base, Bhutto encounters numerous problems in office, including regional ethnic clashes, the difficulties caused by the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan, and long-term tensions caused by Pakistan's poverty and its uneasy relationship with India.