The Achaemenids dominate the whole of the…
333 BCE to 190 BCE
The Achaemenids dominate the whole of the Near and Middle East for two centuries until the rise of Macedonian power under Alexander the Great.
Alexander, leading a small but well-trained army, had crossed into Asia in 334 BCE, defeated Persia's forces, and within a few years has built an empire that stretches from the Nile River to the Indus River in contemporary Pakistan.
Alexander's conquests are divided among his Macedonian generals after his death in 323 BCE.
The Ptolemaic Dynasty of pharaohs in Egypt and the line of Seleucid kings in Syria are descended from two of these generals.
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