The Hay–Pauncefote Treaty, signed by the United…

November 1901 CE

The Hay–Pauncefote Treaty, signed by the United States and Great Britain on November 18, 1901, as a legal preliminary to the U.S. building of the Panama Canal, nullifies the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty of 1850 and gives the United States the right to create and control a canal across the Central American isthmus to connect the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.

In the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty, both nations had renounced building such a canal under the sole control of one nation.

The Hay–Pauncefote Treaty abrogate the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty, does not forbid the United States from constructing fortifications, and does not require that the canal be kept open in time of war.

The Treaty cedes to the United States the right to build and manage a canal, provided that all nations will be allowed access, and that the canal shall never be taken by force.

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