The Shogunate is able to reassert a…

The Shogunate is able to reassert a certain level of primacy at the end of 1864 following the successes against the imperial movement in Japan.

The traditional policy of sankin kōtai is reinstated, and remnants of the rebellions of 1863–64 as well as the Shishi movement are brutally suppressed throughout the land.

The military interventions by foreign powers have also proved that Japan is no military match against the West, and that expelling foreigners is not a realistic policy.

The Sonnō Jōi movement thus loses its initial impetus.

The structural weaknesses of the Bakufu however remains an issue, and the focus of opposition now shifts to creating a strong government under a single authority.