...the Morea (Peloponnesus) between 1685 and 1687.

Venice acquires the Peloponnese and ...

The Ottoman Empire, in retaliation for Venetian incitement of an uprising in Montenegro in 1714 (Venetians had invaded Bosnia and seized Turkish Mediterranean-based ships also), declares war on Venice and sends land and sea forces to capture Venetian islands and fortresses in the Aegean area.

The Turks besiege and conquer the entire Peloponnese after a year, and, ...

A Russian fleet under Count Alexei Grigoryevich Orlov enters the Mediterranean Sea during the war for the first time in history.

It had come from the Baltic Sea and is intended to draw Ottoman naval forces out from the Black Sea.

In Greece, Orlov's arrival had sparked a Maniot revolt against the Ottoman authorities.

The most important of Greek efforts to confront Ottoman rule directly is the Orlov Rebellion of 1770, inspired by the belief that Russia's war with the Turks signals this country's readiness to liberate all the Christians in the Ottoman Empire.

The short-lived uprising, a precursor to the later Greek War of Independence, takes place in the Peloponnesus beginning in February 1770.

Under the ostensible leadership of the four Orlov brothers, of whom the senior is the paramour of Catherine the Great, and the two junior notable military commanders, the venture quickly fails because of poor organization and the lack of a coherent ideology.

It rapidly degenerates into looting and pillaging by both sides, but it sets a precedent for violent resistance to Ottoman rule.

The Orlov Rebellion also prompts oppressive measures by the Sublime Porte (the Ottoman government) that increase resentment against the empire.