Negotiations between Sweden and the Commonwealth begin…
May 1635 CE
Negotiations between Sweden and the Commonwealth begin on May 24 in Stuhmsdorf, although the Polish negotiators have their quarters in nearby Jonasdorf (Jankowiec) and Swedes in Marienwerder (Kwidzyń).
Foreign mediators arrive and Swedish negotiators are joined by Jacob De la Gardie, while on the Polish side Krzysztof Radziwłll is replaced by Jakub Sobieski.
The peace between Poland and Sweden is also supported by French Cardinal Richelieu, who wants to weaken the Holy Roman Empire, using Sweden and German Protestants as a tool to keep Germany divided and embroiled in conflict.
To this end, he needs Sweden to continue to take part in the Thirty Years' War and to ensure Poland's neutrality.
Richelieu has no wish to see Poland open a second front in Prussia, and thus he has dispatched Claude d'Avaux, one of his trusted negotiators.
French efforts are supported by the Dutch and English ambassadors at the conference, and expedited by a lavish flow of money.
England sends the former military commander Sir George Douglas with instructions to support Władyslaw, especially as at this time there are negotiations between the Commonwealth and England regarding the possible marriage between Władyslaw and an English princess (eventually futile).
Dutch envoys include Rochus van den Honaert, Andries Bicker and Joachim Andraee.
George William, Duke of Prussia and Prince-elector of Brandenburg, is interested in a peaceful resolution of the Polish–Swedish conflict, as he does not want his lands to be affected by a new round of warfare.
Brandenburger mediators include Andreas Kreutz, Johan Georg Saucken and Peter Bergmann.