Parliament, in an attempt to lessen the conflict, had in July 1641 passed a bill requiring those over the age of eighteen to sign the Protestation, an oath of allegiance to King Charles I and the Church of England,had drawn up on May 3 of that year.

No one can hold a Church or state office without signing.

The speaker of the House of Commons had sent a letter to sheriffs of each county.

They and the Justices of the Peace had had to take the Protestation.

From there, each parish incumbent was to read the Protestation in church to his parishioners and have each one sign.

This had taken place during February and March 1642, after which the returns are sent to Parliament.

Those among the population who cannot write mark a cross against their names.

Those who do not wish to have their names used in support are also listed in the Protestation.