…Shandong, located on the eastern edge of…

…Shandong, located on the eastern edge of the North China Plain, which acknowledges Zhou rulership and takes part in the elite culture.

The spread of Zhou bronzes has been concurrent with the continued use of Shang style pottery in the outlying regions of the kingdom.

Shandong has felt the influence of Chinese civilization since its very beginnings.

The first dynasties, the Shang and the Zhou, have exerted varying degrees of control over western Shandong, while eastern Shandong is inhabited by the Laiyi peoples, an ethnic group of Dongyi (literally: "Eastern Foreigners" or "Eastern 'Barbarians'", a collective term for people in eastern China and in lands located to the east of ancient China).