Sumerian cities during the Uruk period are…

Sumerian cities during the Uruk period are probably theocratic and are most likely headed by a priest-king (ensi), assisted by a council of elders, including both men and women.

It is quite possible that the later Sumerian pantheon was modeled upon this political structure.

There is little evidence of institutionalized violence or professional soldiers during the Uruk period, and towns are generally not walled.

Uruk becomes the most urbanized city in the world during this period, surpassing fifty thousand inhabitants for the first time.