The first Boer state established by the…

The first Boer state established by the Voortrekkers becomes the independent republic of the Transvaal on January 17, 1852, when the United Kingdom signs the Sand River Convention treaty with five thousand or so of the Boer families (about forty thousand white people), recognizing their independence in the region to the north of the Vaal River, or the Transvaal.

In return, the Boers promise that slavery will be outlawed in the Transvaal and that they will not interfere in the Orange River Sovereignty's affairs.