The relationship between Joseon and Later Jin…

The relationship between Joseon and Later Jin has remained uncomfortable and bleak.

While the first invasion had not as catastrophic to Korea as the second, nine years later, will be, it is bitterly resented by Confucian statesmen and scholars who believe that it had been treacherous for Korea to abandon Ming China after the Chinese assistance against Japan during the Seven-Year War.

This resentment is further enflamed when in 1636 the Manchus demand to change the terms of the diplomatic relationship from one of equality to Suzerainty-Tributary.

The Korean Court, dominated by anti-Manchu hawks, rejects the demand.

This leads to the second Manchu invasion of Korea in 1636.