The Carolingian Renaissance: Wealth, Learning, and Cultural…
676 CE to 819 CE
Groups
Arab people
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Avar Khaganate (Eurasian Avars)
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Lombards (Italy), Kingdom of the
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Islam
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Francia (mayors of the palaces of Austrasia and Neustria)
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Francia (Carolingians)
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Papal States (Republic of St. Peter)
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Italy, Carolingian Kingdom of
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Frankish, or Carolingian (Roman) Empire
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