Muhammad of Ghor invades the Indo-Gangetic Plain…

Muhammad of Ghor invades the Indo-Gangetic Plain during the last quarter of the twelfth century, conquering in succession Ghazni, Multan, Sindh, Lahore, and Delhi.

His successors establish the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, the Mamluk Dynasty (mamluk means "slave") in 1211 (however, the Delhi Sultanate is traditionally held to have been founded in 1206).

The territory under control of the Muslim rulers in Delhi expands rapidly.

By mid-century, Bengal and much of central India are under the Delhi Sultanate.