The two-day battle that follows on September…

The two-day battle that follows on September 5 and 6 does what the previous operations could not; it destroys the Prince of Nagato's ability to wage war.

Unable to match the firepower of the international fleet, and amid mounting casualties, the rebel Chōshū forces finally surrender two days later on September 8, 1864.

Allied casualties include seventy-two killed or wounded and two severely damaged British ships.

The stringent accord drawn up in the wake of the ceasefire, and negotiated by U.S. Minister Pruyn, includes an indemnity of $3,000,000 from the Japanese, an amount equivalent to the purchase of about thirty steamships at this time.

The Bakufu will prove unable to pay such an amount, and this failure will become the basis of further foreign pressure to have the Treaties ratified by the Emperor, the harbor of Hyōgo opened to foreign trade, and the customs tariffs lowered uniformly to five percent.