The two Afrikaner states are republics, with…

The two Afrikaner states are republics, with constitutions modeled in part on that of the United States, each with a president, an elected legislature, and a franchise restricted to white males.

Africans cannot vote, or own land, or carry guns because the laws of both republics, unlike those of the British colonies, do not recognize racial equality before the law.

By the end of the 1860s, there will be approximately fifty thousand whites settled in the two republics, practically all of them living in rural areas, although small capitals have been established at Bloemfontein in the Orange Free State and at Pretoria in the South African Republic.