Group
Bithynia, Kingdom of
Even before the conquest by Alexander, the Bithynians appear to have asserted their independence, and successfully maintain it under two native princes, Bas and Zipoites, the latter of whom assumes the title of king (basileus) in 297 BCE.
His son and successor, Nicomedes I, founds Nicomedia, which soon rises to great prosperity, and during his long reign (c. 278 – c. 255 BCE), as well as those of his successors, Prusias I, Prusias II and Nicomedes II (149 – 91 BCE), the kingdom of Bithynia holds a considerable place among the minor monarchies of Anatolia.
But the last king, Nicomedes IV, is unable to maintain himself against Mithridates VI of Pontus, and, after being restored to his throne by the Roman Senate, he bequeaths his kingdom by will to the Roman republic (74 BCE).
The coinage of these kings shows their regal portraits, which tend to be engraved in an extremely accomplished Hellenistic style.
Member Cities
- Nicomedia > Izmit (Kocaeli) Kocaeli Turkey Capital
- Abydos Canakkale Turkey Location
- Aegina (Aíyina) Island Attiki Greece Location
- Akhisar > Thyateira > Thyatira Manisa Turkey Location
- Amasya Amasya Turkey Location
- Amphipolis Greece Location
- Angora > Ankara Ankara Turkey Location
- Antioch > Antakya Hatay Turkey Location
- Artasat > Artaxata Ararat Armenia Location
- Athens > Athínai Attiki Greece Location
- Birecik Sanliurfa Turkey Location
- Bogazici Mugla Turkey Location
- Bor > Tyana Nigde Turkey Location
- Brundisium > Brindisi Puglia Italy Location
- Bursa Bursa Turkey Location
- Byzantium Istanbul Turkey Location
- Chaeronea Greece Location
- Chalcedon > Kartal Istanbul Turkey Location
- Chios (Khíos) Island Khios Greece Location
- Dalyan Mugla Turkey Location
- Delos (Dhílos) Island Kikladhes Greece Location
- Eregli > Herakleia Pontike Zonguldak Turkey Location
- Gallipoli > Gelibolu Canakkale Turkey Location
- Gebze Kocaeli Turkey Location
- Gordium Turkey Location
- Hecatompylos Iran Location
- Ierapetra Iraklion Greece Location
- Kos Dhodhekanisos Greece Location
- Marmara Ereglisi > Heraclea > Perinthus Tekirdag Turkey Location
- Miletus Turkey Location
- Myus Aydin Turkey Location
- Orchomenos Greece Location
- Pella Greece Location
- Pergamon > Pergamum > Bergama Izmir Turkey Location
- Piraeus > Piraiévs Attiki Greece Location
- Rhodes > Ródhos Dhodhekanisos Greece Location
- Rome > Roma Lazio Italy Location
- Samosata > Samsat Adiyaman Turkey Location
- Seleucia on the Tigris Babil Iraq Location
- Sinop > Sinope Sinop Turkey Location
- Syracuse > Siracusa Sicilia Italy Location
- Sámos Island Samos Greece Location
- Teano Campania Italy Location
- Thásos Island Kavala Greece Location
- Troy > Ilion (Illium) Çanakkale Turkey Location
- Çankiri > Gangra Çankiri Turkey Location