Cappadocia, Satrapy of

Cappadocia (from Old Persian Katpatuka) is a satrapy (province) of the Achaemenid Empire used by the Achaemenids to administer the regions beyond the Taurus Mountains and the Euphrates river.

The Satrapy belongs to the third tax district and pays an estimated 360 talents a year in tribute.

The first satrap (governor) known by name is Ariaramnes, who rules sometime at the beginning of the reign of the Achaemenid king Darius the Great.

His successors are unknown, although Gobryas, the half brother of Xerxes, commands the Cappadocians in 480 BCE.

During the reign of Artaxerxes II, Cappadocia is divided, becoming Paphlagonia and Cappadocia Proper.

The satrap of southern Cappadocia then becomes Datames (abridged from Datamithra), who leads an unsuccessful revolt and is later assassinated in 362 BCE.

The last Achaemenid satrap of Cappadocia is Mithrobuzanes, who dies in 334 BCE at the Battle of the Granicus fighting Alexander’s invading army.

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