Dalmatia (Roman province)
Substate | Defunct
32 BCE to 535 CE
Dalmatia is an ancient Roman province.
Its name is probably derived from the name of an Illyrian tribe called the Dalmatae which lived in the area of the eastern Adriatic coast in Classical antiquity.It encompasses much of today's Albania, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo etc, an area significantly larger than the current region of Dalmatia.
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The Italian ports had reopened in spring 474 and Julius Nepos had crossed the Adriatic Sea to depose Glycerius, who probably left Ravenna for Rome to resist the invader; he has a silver coin minted in Rome, claiming himself as Emperor together with Leo II and Zeno, and not recognizing Julius Nepos.
Nepos, however, disembarks at Portus in July 474 and deposes Glycerius, who offers no resistance; neither do the Senate nor the Gallo-Roman aristocracy, and Nepos accepts the imperial purple.
Glycerius is sent to Dalmatia as Bishop of Salona.
Glycerius' deposition is thus without any bloodshed, and historians have investigated the possible reasons why the Western Emperor, who had Gundobad and his army at his command, did not try to resist.
One possible reason is that Glycerius' elevation, not recognized by Eastern court, received the support of neither the Roman Senate nor the Gallic-Roman aristocracy; resisting Nepos without the support of the Senate would have been a bad choice for Gundobad.
It is possible that Gundobad, who was absent from Italy when Glycerius was deposed, had gone to Gaul to gather some more troops or to receive the legacy of his late father Gundioc as King of the Burgundians, thus effectively leaving Glycerius alone.
Nepos, a year after ascending the Western throne, is obliged to recognize the independence of the Visigothic kingdom centered near present Toulouse, France.
Orestes, born an aristocrat of Pannonia Savia, is probably at least partly of Germanic descent.
He was the son of Tatulus, a pagan, and son-in-law to Romulus, who had served as comes in the Western Roman Empire.
After Pannonia was ceded to Attila the Hun, Orestes had joined Attila's court, reaching high position as a secretary (notarius) in 449 and 452.
In 449 Orestes had been sent by Attila twice to Constantinople as envoy to Emperor Theodosius II.
In 475, Orestes had been appointed magister militum and patricius by Julius Nepos.
This proves to be a mistake on the part of Nepos.
By August 28, 475, Orestes, at the head of the foederati, manages to take control of the government in Ravenna, which has served as the capital of the Western Roman Empire since 402.
Julius Nepos flees without a fight to Dalmatia, where he will continue to reign until his assassination in 480.
Unrest among the German tribesmen flares up however, in 477-478.
Meanwhile, Odoacer’s recovery of Sicily and Dalmatia is threatening to the Eastern Roman emperor.