Second Triumvirate (Argentina)
State | Defunct
1812 CE to 1814 CE
The Second Triumvirate (Spanish: Segundo Triunvirato) is the governing body of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (present day Argentina) that follows the First Triumvirate in 1812, shortly after the May Revolution, and lasts two years.
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San Martín had been interviewed by the First Triumvirate few days after his arrival in Buenos Aires in the United Provinces (formally named the Argentine Republic in 1826).
They had appointed him a lieutenant colonel of cavalry, and asked him to create a cavalry unit, as Buenos Aires did not have good cavalry.
He began to organize the Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers with Alvear and Zapiola.
As Buenos Aires lacked professional military leaders, San Martín had been entrusted with the protection of the whole city, but had kept focused on the task of building the military unit.
San Martín, Alvear and Zapiola have established a local branch of the Lodge of Rational Knights, along with morenists, the former supporters of the late Mariano Moreno.
This lodge seeks to promote liberal ideas; its secrecy hides whether it was a real Masonic lodge, or a lodge with political goals.
It has no ties to the Premier Grand Lodge of England.
San Martín has married María de los Remedios de Escalada, a fourteen-year-old girl from one of the local wealthy families.
The lodge organizes the Revolution of October 8, 1812, when the terms of office of the triumvirs Manuel de Sarratea and Feliciano Chiclana end.
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón promotes antimorenist new members, Manuel Obligado and Pedro Medrano, by preventing the vote of three deputies and thus achieving a majority.
As this causes a commotion, San Martín and Alvear intervene with their military force, and the Buenos Aires Cabildo disestablishes the triumvirate.
It is replaced by the Second Triumvirate of Juan José Paso, Nicolás Rodríguez Peña and Antonio Álvarez Jonte.
The new triumvirate calls the Assembly of the Year XIII and promotes San Martín to colonel.
They had appointed him a lieutenant colonel of cavalry, and asked him to create a cavalry unit, as Buenos Aires did not have good cavalry.
He began to organize the Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers with Alvear and Zapiola.
As Buenos Aires lacked professional military leaders, San Martín had been entrusted with the protection of the whole city, but had kept focused on the task of building the military unit.
San Martín, Alvear and Zapiola have established a local branch of the Lodge of Rational Knights, along with morenists, the former supporters of the late Mariano Moreno.
This lodge seeks to promote liberal ideas; its secrecy hides whether it was a real Masonic lodge, or a lodge with political goals.
It has no ties to the Premier Grand Lodge of England.
San Martín has married María de los Remedios de Escalada, a fourteen-year-old girl from one of the local wealthy families.
The lodge organizes the Revolution of October 8, 1812, when the terms of office of the triumvirs Manuel de Sarratea and Feliciano Chiclana end.
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón promotes antimorenist new members, Manuel Obligado and Pedro Medrano, by preventing the vote of three deputies and thus achieving a majority.
As this causes a commotion, San Martín and Alvear intervene with their military force, and the Buenos Aires Cabildo disestablishes the triumvirate.
It is replaced by the Second Triumvirate of Juan José Paso, Nicolás Rodríguez Peña and Antonio Álvarez Jonte.
The new triumvirate calls the Assembly of the Year XIII and promotes San Martín to colonel.
The Second Triumvirate had commissioned Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Nicolás Rodríguez Peña and Juan Larrea to draft a Constitution for consideration by the Asamblea del Año XIII.
Posadas had become part of the Triumvirate when the Assembly granted Executive Power to the Triumvirate.
Then on January 22, 1814 the same Assembly decides to concentrate the Executive Power in him as a Supreme Director for the United Provinces, so he assumes this office on January 31 for a one-year period.
During his rule, Saavedra and Campana are exiled and Montevideo falls to the United Provinces but serious problems arise with José Gervasio Artigas and the Liga Federal on the Banda Oriental.
Moreover, Ferdinand VII of Spain will regain his throne in 1815.
Posadas had become part of the Triumvirate when the Assembly granted Executive Power to the Triumvirate.
Then on January 22, 1814 the same Assembly decides to concentrate the Executive Power in him as a Supreme Director for the United Provinces, so he assumes this office on January 31 for a one-year period.
During his rule, Saavedra and Campana are exiled and Montevideo falls to the United Provinces but serious problems arise with José Gervasio Artigas and the Liga Federal on the Banda Oriental.
Moreover, Ferdinand VII of Spain will regain his throne in 1815.