Shaddadids
State | Defunct
951 CE to 1174 CE
The Shaddadids are a dynasty of Kurdish origin who rule in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1174.
They are established in Dvin.
They begin ruling in the city of Dvin, and eventually rule other major cities, such as Bardha'a and Ganja.
A cadet line of the Shaddadids is given the city of Ani and Tbilisi as a reward for their service to the Seljuqs, to whom they become vassals.
[ From 1047 to 1057, the Shaddadids are engaged in several wars against the Byzantine army.
The area between the rivers Kura and Arax is ruled by a Shaddadid dynasty.
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The Great Crossroads
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Liparit IV, Duke of Kldekari, had appeared on the political scene of Georgia in the late 1020s when he, as a holder of the fortress of Kldekari and later as a commander-in-chief of the royal armies, had proven himself as the defender of the boy king Bagrat IV and his regent, Dowager Queen Mariam.
His successful resistance to the invading imperial troops in 1028 and a victorious campaign against the Shaddadid dynasty of Arran in 1034 have made Liparit the most powerful noble in Georgia.
In 1038, Liparit had been on the verge of capturing the Georgian city of Tbilisi, which has been under Muslim sway for centuries, but the Georgian nobles, fearing his growing power, had thwarted the plan and persuaded the king to make peace with the emir of Tbilisi.
As a result, Liparit has turned into a sworn enemy of Bagrat and begins actively cooperating with foreign powers for vengeance.
In 1039, he had pledged his support to Bagrat’s half-brother Demetrius who enters Georgia with an imperial army to seize the crown.
The childhood of the future George II of Georgia had coincided with the civil war between his father, Bagrat IV, and the rebellious Georgian feudal lord Liparit, who had succeeded in temporarily driving Bagrat into the protection of Constantinople, and had crowned George as king at the Ruisi Cathedral between 1050 and 1053, under the regency of Bagrat's sister Gurandukht.
In fact, Liparit became the master of nearly half of the Georgian kingdom and the most powerful dynast in the country.
By 1060, Bagrat IV had been able to secure the throne and made George his heir apparent, to whom the emperor in Constantinople had attached the title of curopalates.
In 1070, Prince George, at the head of a combined Georgian-Alan army, had inflicted a decisive defeat on the Shaddadid emir of Arran, Fadl II, and ravaged his possessions at Ganja.
George succeeds as King of Georgia upon the death of his father in 1072 and receives the title of nobelissimos and later that of sebastos from the emperor.