Thurgau, Swiss Canton of
Substate | Defunct
1803 CE to 2057 CE
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Bonaparte, in his capacity as First Consul of France, summons representatives of both sides to Paris in order to negotiate a solution.
Although the Federalist representatives form a minority at the conciliation conference—known as the "Helvetic Consulta"—Bonaparte characterizes Switzerland as federal "by nature" and considers it unwise to force the country into any other constitutional framework.
On February 19, 1803, the Act of Mediation restores the cantons.
With the abolition of the centralized state, Switzerland becomes a confederation once again.
Under the terms of the act, Graubünden, St. Gallen, Thurgau, the Ticino and Vaud become Swiss cantons.
The speeches and articles reporting on the assemblies are widely distributed and become very popular.
The crowds are generally well behaved and orderly.
Even in Aargau and St. Gallen, where the crowd marched through the streets of Aarau (Freiämtersturm) and St. Gallen, the protest march had been peaceful.
Following the assemblies and marches, cantonal governments quickly give into the demands of the assemblies and amend their constitutions.
A reformist majority in the Swiss Diet, representing the other cantons, declares the Sonderbund, an alliance of seven Catholic cantons, to be incompatible with the Federal Pact and demands its dissolution in July 1847.
It also votes for the drafting of a new Federal Pact, and for the expulsion of the Jesuits.
Ulrich Ochsenbein, as president of the Bernese government, simultaneously presides over the confederation Diet during the proscription of the Sonderbund and the initial phase of the subsequent civil war.
Johann Conrad Kern combats the clericalist policies of the dissident Sonderbund leagues.
A lawyer and doctor of jurisprudence and the guiding spirit of Thurgau's cantonal government, he ultimately proposes the Sonderbund's suppression by force.