Elizabeth Stuart (August 19, 1596 – February 13, 1662) is, as the wife of Frederick V, Elector Palatine, Electress Palatine, and briefly, Queen of Bohemia.

Due to her husband’s reign in Bohemia lasting for just one winter, Elizabeth is often referred to as The Winter Queen.

She is the second child and eldest daughter of James VI and I, King of Scots, England, and Ireland, and his wife, Anne of Denmark.

She is also the granddaughter of Mary, Queen of Scots.

She is four years older than her brother Charles, who becomes Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

With the demise of the Stuart dynasty in 1714, her grandson succeeds to the British throne as George I of Great Britain, initiating the Hanover line of succession.

The reigning British monarch, Elizabeth II, is Elizabeth Stuart's direct descendant of the tenth and eleventh generation through different paths.

Most other European royal families, including those of Spain, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Sweden, as well as those formerly of Greece, Romania, Germany, and Russia, are also descendants of Elizabeth Stuart.