James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald (died 1579) is a member of the 16th century ruling Geraldine dynasty in the province of Munster in Ireland, rebels against the crown authority of Queen Elizabeth I of England in response to the onset of the Tudor re-conquest of Ireland and is deemed an archtraitor.

He leads the first of the Desmond Rebellions in 1569, spends a period in exile in continental Europe, but returns with an invasion force in 1579.

He dies shortly after landing.

His rebellions are strongly associated with Counter-reformation Catholic ideology.