Solomon, also Salomon (Hungarian: Salamon; 1053 – 1087) is King of Hungary from 1063.
Being the elder son of Andrew I of Hungary, he is crowned king in his father's lifetime in 1057 or 1058.
However, he is forced to flee from Hungary after his uncle, Béla dethrones his father in 1060.
Assisted by German troops, Solomon returns and is again crowned king in 1063.
On this occasion he marries Judith, who is a daughter of the late Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor.
In the following year he reaches an agreement with his cousins, the three sons of the late Béla I. Géza, Ladislaus and Lampert acknowledge Solomon's rule, but in exchange receive one-third of the kingdom as a separate duchy.
In the following years, Solomon and his cousins jointly fight against the Czechs, the Cumans and other enemies of the kingdom.
Their relationship deteriorates in the early 1070s and Géza rebels against him.
Solomon can only maintain his rule in a small zone along the western frontiers of Hungary after his defeat in the battle of Mogyoród on March 14, 1074.
He officially abdicates in 1081, but is arrested for conspiring against Géza's brother and successor, Ladislaus.
Solomon is set free during the canonization process of the first king of Hungary, Stephen I in 1083.
In an attempt to regain his crown, Solomon allies with the Pechenegs, but King Ladislaus defeats their invading troops.
According to a nearly contemporaneous source, Solomon died on a plundering raid in the Byzantine Empire.
Later legends say that he survived and died as a saintly hermit in Pula (Croatia).
