Italian Plague of 1629-31, or Great Plague of Milan
Years: 1629 - 1631
The Italian Plague of 1629–1631, often referred to as the Great Plague of Milan, is a series of outbreaks of bubonic plague in northern Italy, claiming the lives of approximately 280,000 people, with the cities of Lombardy and Venice experiencing particularly high death rates.
This episode is considered one of the last outbreaks of the centuries-long pandemic of bubonic plague which began with the Black Death.
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German and French troops carry the bubonic plague to the city of Mantua in 1629, as a result of troop movements associated with the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648).
Venetian troops, infected with the disease, retreat into northern and central Italy, spreading the infection.
Milan, Lombardy's major commercial center, is devastated by the plague introduced by the armies in the winter of 1629-30, an event that will be vividly described in Alessandro Manzoni's 1840 novel The Betrothed (Italian: I promessi sposi).
The city of Venice is severely hit, with recorded casualties of thirty-three percent: forty-six thousand out of a population of one hundred and forty thousand.
Some historians believe the drastic loss of life, and its impact on commerce, ultimately resulted in the downfall of Venice as a major commercial and political power.
Later outbreaks of bubonic plague in Italy will include Florence in 1630–1633 and the areas surrounding Naples, Rome and Genoa in 1656–57.
"The Master said, 'A true teacher is one who, keeping the past alive, is also able to understand the present.'"
― Confucius, Analects, Book 2, Chapter 11
