Muslim Agricultural Revolution, or Medieval Green Revolution

The Islamic Golden Age from the 8th century to the 13th century witnesses a fundamental transformation in agriculture known as the Muslim (or Arab) Agricultural Revolution, or Medieval Green Revolution.

The global economy established by Muslim traders across the Old World enables the diffusion of many crops and farming techniques among different parts of the Islamic world, as well as the adaptation of crops and techniques from beyond the Islamic world.

Crops from Africa such as sorghum, crops from China such as citrus fruits, and numerous crops from India such as mangos, rice, and especially cotton and sugar cane, are distributed throughout Islamic lands, which previously had not grown these crops.

Some writers have referred to the diffusion of numerous crops during this period as the globalization of crops.

These introductions, along with an increased mechanization of agriculture, lead to major changes in economy, population distribution, vegetation cover, agricultural production and income, population levels, urban growth, the distribution of the labor force, linked industries, cooking and diet and clothing in the Islamic world.

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