The Wars of Scottish Independence are a series of military campaigns fought between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries.The wars are part of a great national crisis for Scotland and the period becomes one of the most defining moments in the nation's history.
At the end of both wars, Scotland retains its status as an independent nation.
The wars are important for other reasons, such as the emergence of the longbow as a key weapon in medieval warfare.The First War of Scottish Independence lasts from the outbreak of the war with the invasion by England in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328.
Scotland's de facto independence is restored in 1314 at the Battle of Bannockburn.
