Guatemalan president Rafael Carrera nominates his friend…
1864 CE to 1875 CE
Even liberal generals like Serapio Cruz had realized that Carrera's political and military presence had made him practically invincible.
Thus, the generals had fought under his command, and waited—for a long time—until Carrera's death before beginning their revolt against the tamer Cerna.
During Cerna's presidency, liberal party members are prosecuted and sent into exile; among them, those who start the Liberal Revolution of 1871.
The State and Church are a single unit, and the conservative regime is strongly allied to the power of regular clergy of the Catholic Church, who are at this time among the largest landowners in Guatemala.
The tight relationship between church and state had been ratified by the Concordat of 1852, which has remained the law until Cerna is deposed in 1871.
The merchants guild, Consulado de Comercio, which has held a consistent monopolistic position in the regime since 1839, loses its exclusive court privileges in 1871.
The Consulado has been a major influence on the economy, and therefore land management.
Guatemala's "Liberal Revolution" came in 1871 under the leadership of Justo Rufino Barrios, who works to modernize the country, improve trade, and introduce new crops and manufacturing.
During this era coffee will became an important crop for Guatemala
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