General Thomas Bugeaud, who had defeated Abdelkader’s…

General Thomas Bugeaud, who had defeated Abdelkader’s forces in 1836, negotiates a favorable peace the following year in the treaty of Tafna, signed on May 30, 1837.

By defining the territory under its control, this gains conditional recognition for Abdelkader's regime, salvaging his prestige among the tribes just as the shaykhs are about to desert him.

Abdelkader recognizes France's sovereignty in Oran and Algiers, while himself officially controlling in exchange the two-thirds of the country (mainly the interior).