Henry Bessemer, utilizing his new techniques, which…

Henry Bessemer, utilizing his new techniques, which later will become known collectively as the Bessemer process, is soon able to produce large, slag-free ingots as workable as any wrought-iron bloom, and far larger; he invents the tilting converter into which molten pig iron could be poured before air is blown in from below.

Eventually, with the aid of an iron-manganese alloy, which is developed at this time by Robert Forester Mushet, Bessemer also finds how to remove excess oxygen from the decarburized iron.

Henry Bessemer files his patent in the United Kingdom, for the Bessemer process of steelmaking, on     October 17, 1855.