Anastasius dies in his late eighties on July 19, 518, leaving the imperial treasury richer by twenty-three million solidi or three hundred and twenty thousand pounds of gold.
He having died childless, without designating an heir, and without a reigning Augusta to supervise the election of a successor, the throne is up for grabs.
According to John Malalas, a Greek chronicler from Antioch, the powerful praepositus sacri cubiculi Amantius intends to elect to the throne a comes domesticorum, commander of an elite guard unit of the late Roman Empire, by the name of Theocritus.
Theocritus is an obscure individual, primarily mentioned by two authors: John Malalas and Marcellinus Comes.
Amantius hopes to secure the election for Theocritus by bribing Justin, the influential comes excubitorum (head of the imperial guards).
Justin is supposed to share the money with his troops.
Justin, born of Thraco-Roman peasant stock n a hamlet near Bederiana in Naissus (modern Niš, South Serbia), had been a swineherd in his youth.
Like his companions and members of his family (Zimarchus, Dityvistus, Boraides, Bigleniza, Sabatius, etc.), he bears a Thracian name.
As a teenager, he and two companions had fled from a barbaric invasion, taking refuge in Constantinople possessing nothing more than the ragged clothes on their backs and a sack of bread between them.
Justin soon joined the army, entered the palace guard and, because of his ability, had risen through the ranks to become a general and a patrician under Anastasius I, becoming the emperor's close confidant and acting possibly as regent.
He remains illiterate and has never learned to speak more than rudimentary Greek.
The events of the election are described in detail by Peter the Patrician, extracts of whose work survive in the tenth-century De Ceremoniis.
On the morning of the election, the Excubitors at first put forward the tribune John as a candidate.
He is raised on the shield in the Hippodrome of Constantinople.
But the Blues, an influential chariot racing faction, riot against this candidate.
The guardsmen of the Scholae Palatinae then attempt to proclaim their own candidate, but the Excubitors almost kill that unnamed man.
The Excubitors then allegedly put forward Flavius Petrus Sabbatius (later Justinian I), nephew of Justin, as their second candidate for the day, but he refuses the crown.
The Senate supposedly settled the matter by electing Justin himself.
Both Amantius and Theocritus are soon executed on a pretext, obviously eliminated by Justin for their role in the conspiracy.
Procopius briefly mentions: "Indeed, his power [Justin's] was not ten days old, before he slew Amantius, chief of the palace eunuchs, and several others, on no graver charge than that Amantius had made some rash remark about John, Archbishop of the city.
After this, he was the most feared of men."
Based on the account of Marcellinus, Amantius and his supporters were accused of being adherents of Manichaeism.
A combination of sources imply that Amantius and Theocritus had attempted to overthrow Justin, following his election.
If so, they were met with swift executions.
